Study Reports a 75-Fold Gap in Arabic Manuscript Annotation
A preprint describes a human-reviewed pipeline for 14 historical Arabic books, using clean reference transcriptions as its starting point.
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Theoretical models find the best helper need not be the coldest
Preprint: Theoretical models compare auxiliary states chosen to minimize a target's slowest relaxation mode with states optimized for a fixed readout time.
Laser choices shape prospects for a future 10 TeV photon collider
Preprint: Simulations find near-optical lasers deliver more luminosity, while an X-ray option creates a narrower high-energy peak.
Self-Driving Models Improve in Tests with Local Drone Data
An arXiv preprint reports lower offline errors after self-driving models were trained on aerial traffic data from Songdo, South Korea.
Offline co-signing protocol links signatures to device provenance
Preprint outlines a two-device system that can be checked offline, but leaves major security and identity questions open.
Math Proof Settles Frankl's Conjecture at Height Four
Preprint: A theoretical study proves the empty-set-free result through height four while narrowing, but not resolving, the height-five case.
Small VTOL Simulations Show Different Wing-Rotor Trade-offs
This preprint models a propeller and wing in cruise and hover, with cruise efficiency associated with advance ratio and hover metrics more closely associated with RPM.
Frozen blood-cell AI models falter when images change
Preprint: A benchmark of 15 image encoders found steep losses in cross-dataset accuracy and confidence, while CBR delivered a limited gain.
Quantum compression saves qubits, but shifts costs elsewhere
Preprint analysis finds that packing many binary variables into fewer qubits can shrink signal margins and increase decoding or measurement costs.
AI Simulations Link Rival Persuaders to Unsettled Belief Paths
Preprint: In 4,400 simulated runs, competing messages were associated with different belief endpoints and a reversal in how network density tracked upward movement.
Open benchmark brings 20 2.5D and 3D chip cases together
Preprint: A 20-design suite spans foundational 2.5D, basic 3D and complex hybrid architectures, using reusable virtual chiplet models.
New graph theorem sets a threshold for four shared edges
Preprint: For every sufficiently large n, the minimum is 2n−4; a graph with at most 2n−5 edges can be relabelled to share at most three edges.
Claude Opus Leads Preprint Test of AI Bug Discovery
Preprint: Opus 4.8 scored highest among three Claude models, but none triggered a crash in 13 of 77 challenges.
Quantum model gives small clusters a way to exchange electrons
This preprint describes a self-consistent calculation that gives model water, hydrogen and lithium systems constant-potential boundaries, while real interfaces remain untested.
AI Video Sync Scores Disagree on What They Measure
Preprint: An audit of four automatic metrics found different strengths across timing and content disruptions, with no clear all-purpose score.
Preprint reports a loop-size threshold in one Yang-Mills channel
At weak coupling, one calculated channel grows below a critical loop size and decays above it under an exploratory infrared prescription, while the leading-in-colour channel remains unresolved.
Model estimates USD 47 million in savings for pumped-storage project
An arXiv preprint models a 1,000 MW, 12-hour project in Rio de Janeiro and compares an optimized reservoir layout with an initial terrain-based design.
BFN-RL leads Sokoban, categorical diffusion wins BlockedUnlockPickup
Preprint comparison reports higher BFN-RL success on Sokoban and DoorKey, but higher categorical-diffusion success on Empty-Random and BlockedUnlockPickup.
Modified-gravity model predicts weaker cosmic 21-cm absorption
Preprint: A theoretical calculation finds weaker 21-cm absorption than ΛCDM, but it uses a ΛCDM-based spin-temperature input.
Molecules spin past helium’s ‘centrifugal wall’ in new study
Preprint: Molecules in helium nanodroplets spun beyond expected limits, while alignment loss suggested different thermalization times.