A multicenter cohort study found breastfeeding status up to 6 months was associated with lower influenza risk during the first year, but the design cannot show cause and effect.
A tissue study of four fatal DENV-4 cases from Ceará’s 2012 dengue epidemic found abnormalities in the liver, lungs and kidneys, while the hearts examined were largely preserved. TNF-α and IFN-γ staining was detected in liver, lung and kidney tissue. The qualitative study cannot estimate risk, prognosis or the frequency of these findings.